FRUIT FLY MENACE Moses Mutia, Mwingi West Horticultural Cooperative Society chaitman,who has over 200 mango trees but has been having trouble with fruit flies … Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Fruits and Vegetables Import Requirements (FAVIR). The Mexican fruit fly is currently found in parts of Texas and California. 1995, Lux et al. (all from White and Elson-Harris 1992; De Meyer 1998; and S. Lux, ICIPE, Nairobi, personal communication). Don’t leave fruit on the tree or on the ground. Lux SA, Zenz N, Kimani S. 1998. prolonged exposure to temperatures below 7.5°C. Fruit Fly on Mango Barrix Recommends to use Barrix Catch Fruit Fly Trap When to Use : Use at the stage of Flowering stage till harvesting stage. Females implant eggs into the ripening mango fruits and continue to do so for about two weeks. Nectarines can come under attack This page requires Javascript. And one of the most insidious is the Queensland fruit fly (which despite its name, is active well beyond Queensland). Don't leave any ripe fruit hanging on the tree or laying on the ground. In this study, we evaluated the response of D. longicaudata females to healthy, mechanically damaged mango fruit and mango fruit infested with larvae of the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew), and their methanolic and hexanic extracts in field cage and wind tunnel bioassays; we also chemically identified the compounds present in active extracts and performed a … Pupation is inside the See your browser's documentation for specific instructions. The flies will be attracted to the smell of the fermented liquids. “The fruit fly leads to losses of 40 percent and if eradicated farmers will get access to export market,” he said. Life stage durations are approximately as follows: Females first oviposit at about age five days, and oviposition continues up to age two weeks, with up to eight weeks in laboratory colonies. International Institute of Entomology, London. Also, males of Ceratitis cosyra, as members of the subgenus Ceratalaspis, lack capitate setae such as are present in subgenus Ceratitis (e.g., Medfly), and they lack feathering of the tibia as in the subgenus Pterandrus (e.g., Natal fly). The mango fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra or marula fly, as it is also known due to its native host plant being marula, the African fruit related to mango. Bactrocera cucurbitae or melon fly, agricultural pest in Asian countries. International Pest Control 28: 98-99. Mango fruit flies distributed all over mango growing areas. Zimbabwe Science News 29: 12-14. The Mango fly (no relation to the mango fruit) is also known as Bot fly, Tumbu fly, or Putzi fly.Where do mango flies come from? Observations on the mango fruit fly. (Host list, seasonal abundance). 1995. The https:// means all transmitted data is encrypted — in other words, any information or browsing history that you provide is transmitted securely. Adult populations can be reduced with insecticidal protein-bait sprays in the same manner as other fruit flies. Top of page B. frauenfeldi (Schin.) . pp.
The baits are detected by fruit flies over short distances (10-20 ft.) Some of the commercial protein baits are combined with other volatile odors that attract the flies from slightly greater distances. and similar pest species, such as Ceratitis discussa Munro. When the fruit falls from the tree, the maggot stays and grows inside the mango. The most destructive mango pests are the mango seed weevil and the mango fruit fly, common nearly in all mango producing areas. Mango seed weevil (Sternochetus mangiferae) Mango seed weevil, also called the mango stone weevil, is one of the major pests of mangoes in sub-Saharan Africa. Cooperate with all quarantine restrictions or rules that might be imposed. Remove all citrus fruit as it ripens as soon possible. Rendell CH, Mwashayenyi E, Banga DJ. De Meyer (1998) provided a complete taxonomic treatment of the subgenus Ceratalaspis, including key characters to separate Ceratitis cosyra from other closely related
Federal government websites always use a .gov or .mil domain. The mango fruit fly is believed to be the single largest crop damager in India. Learn more at. In Ivory Coast, Ceratitis cosyra and Ceratitis anonae Graham are the main pests in guava (N'Guetta 1993). 1998). Behold the mango hot water bath (or, what I like to call the Fruit Fly Prevention Spa). Revision of the subgenus, Javaid I, De Lima CPF. Fruit flies need sugar for energy and protein to mature and reproduce. The wings are clear with several yellow and brown stripes. Know the quarantines in your area and learn to. Female Mexican fruit flies (Anastrepha ludens) prepare to lay eggs into a mango. Allow authorized agricultural workers access to property to install and inspect insect-monitoring traps. Do not bring or mail fresh fruits, vegetables, plants into your state or another state unless agricultural inspectors have cleared them first. Fruit flies attacking mangoes -- their importance and post harvest control. Mango production loss estimates due to fruit flies Due to attacks mainly by C. cosyra and B. invadens, harvest losses that are held down to 10% at the beginning of the growing season, can reach 80% by the end of the season. The host list includes: Javascript is disabled in this browser. Symposium on tropical orchards, Montpellier, France, 30 August - 5 September, 1993. 1996, Javaid 1979, De Lima 1979, Rendell et al. Malio E. 1979. Never remove fresh produce from your property if your area is under Mexican fruit fly quarantine. Drosophila suzukii or Asian fruit fly, native to northeast and southeast Asia and an invasive species in North America. Blisterlike lesions. One of the most common traps is the cider vinegar trap: Fill several glasses or jars with apple cider vinegar (or old beer) to about ½ full. Yield loss on mangoes caused by the fruit flies in Kenya ranges between 40-80% of the crop depending on … Don't move or mail fruit residential citrus trees from the quarantine area. Adult female mango fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker). Scientific Name Common Name Stone weevil (Sternochetus mangiferae): Adult weevils are stout and dark brown, grubs are white legless and stumpy. Photograph by Jeffrey Lotz, Division of Plant Industry. Build Fruit Fly Traps. Fruit flies known as Ceratitis giffardi Bezzi and Ceratitis sarcocephali (Bezzi) may be the same as Ceratitis cosyra, but the taxonomy remains ambiguous (De Meyer 1998). University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Nearly all fruit fly species are quarantine pests. Ceratitis cosyra adults may be attracted to terpinyl acetate, but not to trimedlure or methyl eugenol. Texas residents in McAllen and Laredo fruit fly quarantines can help stop the spread of invasive fruit flies: Fresh produce, fruit and vegetables brought into the U.S. or across state borders without inspection. ICIPE Annual Scientific Report 1998- 1999 7: 78-80. belongs to the subgenus Bactrocera of the genus Bactrocera, it may therefore also be referred to as Bactrocera (Bactrocera) frauenfeldi (Schin.). Fruit fly infestation has led to enormous losses in mango producing African countries due to restrictions on exportation from countries where there is an invasion of fruit flies and from quarantines in order to avoid an expansion of the fly population. Late maturing varieties of mango suffer most in Zambia (Javaid 1986). Causes of damage to some wild mango fruit trees in Zambia. Javaid I. Double bag any fruit not eaten or used and properly dispose of it in a trash bin. An adult female fruit fly can lay 100 to 1,000 eggs during her lifetime on fruits and vegetables. This site is also protected by an SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate that’s been signed by the U.S. government. The mango fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), is also commonly known as the marula fruit fly, based on its common occurrence in these host plants. Ensure your Mango orchard is clean at all times, whether the tree is dormant, flowering, or is in full … Modify your browser's settings to allow Javascript to execute. ACIAR Proceedings No 76. Post-harvest quarantine treatments include hot water dips (Ceratitis cosyra larvae survive heat treatment better than Medfly or Natal fruit fly, but exact treatment parameters are not yet established) and
The general manager noted that Kenya’s ban on mango export in 2014 was due to fruit fly noting that pest free zones will lead to quality products. This species is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, occurring in at least 22 countries, including Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe (CABI/EPPO 1999). 81-86 in: Allwood, A.J., and Drew, R.A I., Management of fruit flies in the Pacific. Body and wing color yellowish; sides and posterior of thorax prominently ringed with black spots, dorsum yellowish except for two tiny black spots centrally and two larger black spots near scutellum; scutellum with three wide, black stripes separated by narrow yellow stripes; wing length 4–6 mm, costal band and discal crossband joined. The mango fruit fly: population and varietal susceptibility studies. Here's how you know. Tephritidae, a family of large, colorfully marked flies. Don't compost any fruit (or vegetables) from the quarantine area. Labuschagne T, Brink T, Steyn WP, De Beer MS. 1996. An official website of the United States government
Over the years, ICIPE and a number of global partners have developed Integrated Pest Management (IPM) packages for exotic and native fruit flies. The female is distinguished by a long and slender ovipositor, which is used to deposit eggs beneath the skin of the host fruit. The fly is a particular pest in smallholder and commercial mango across sub-Saharan Africa, … The fruit fly lays its eggs within the fruit. Excellent keys to distinguish major fruit fly pests of the genus Ceratitis are available in White and Elson-Harris (1992). Ceratitis cosyra, as larvae in infested mangoes from Africa, is one of the most commonly intercepted fruit flies in Europe (I. M. White, The Natural History Museum, London, personal communication). Adults have a yellowish body with black spots scattered on the thorax. Figure 1. On hatching grubs bore through the pulp, feed on seed coat and later damage the cotyledons. N'Guetta K. 1994. Visible adult flies: larger than a house fly, the body is a pale orange-yellow with two to three whitish stripes along the thorax. Importance of fruit flies •In India, Oriental fruit fly B. dorsalis is the most destructive fruit fly of mango, followed by Peach fruit fly B. zonata Saunders and Guava fruit fly B. correcta •The flies attack fruits at different stages of maturity but damage is … There are many types of fruit flies but the one wreaking havoc in Kenya is Bactrocera dorsalis. Download Pest Advisory Leaflet on Mango Fly in English (344 Kb) Mexican fruit fly was first found in Central Mexico in 1863, and by the early 1950s flies were found along the California-Mexico border. B). Bactrocera dorsalis, previously known as Dacus dorsalis and commonly referred to as the oriental fruit fly, is a species of tephritid fruit fly that is endemic to Southeast Asia.It is one of the major pest species in the genus Bactrocera with a broad host range of cultivated and wild fruits. The mango fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), is also commonly known as the marula fruit fly, based on its common occurrence in these host plants. Fruits are heavily infested, with an average of 50 larvae per fruit (Malio 1979; Lux, personal communication for laboratory colony data). Their wings are yellow and may reach a span of 4-6 mm. Mango fruit flies fruit flies cause an estimated annual loss of more than 2 billions US dollars in Africa. Fruit Flies of Economic Significance: Their Identification and Bionomics. 601 pp. It accounts for about 27 per cent of harvesting loss. Mango January Sale. Conversely, in Cote d'Ivoire it … 1979. The mango fruit fly is a serious pest in mango farms across sub-Saharan Africa, where it causes more damage of economic importance than the Mediterranean fruit fly. This fly is a serious pest in smallholder and commercial mango across sub-Saharan Africa, where it is more destructive than either the Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly; Ceratitis capitat… 1999. Visible larvae within host fruit: legless, white to yellowish-white, and grows to a length of 0.4 (or 2/5) inches. Ceratitis cosyra differs also from the Natal fly, the latter being larger, lacking black spots laterally (postpronotal) on the thorax, and the costal band and discal crossband are not joined. Damages to commercial fruit … CAB International / European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (CABI/EPPO). The larva, which is the damaging stage of… Read More Marula is a native African fruit related to mango and sometimes known locally as wild plum. Fruit fly fauna in Solomon Islands. De Meyer M. 1998. You can buy fruit fly traps or make your own, and either way, they should be effective. Credit: Jack Dykinga, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Bugwood.org, Credit: Jeffrey W. 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